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The First settlement in North America
It is very difficult to say just when colonization began.The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus's journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any settlement on the North America continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south,a great interest in gold and adventure,and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part.John Cabot,originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice,was established as a trader in Bristol,England,when he made a journey in 1497.But his ship,the Matthew,with its crew of eighteen,did no more than see an island（probably off the New England coast)and return home.He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic which enabled the English crown to claim a "legal" title to North America.But for a long time afterwards the Europeans'interest in America was mainly confined to the Spanish activities further south.
The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus's first voyage.The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England,calling it Virginia.In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island,but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition,led by Drake,in 1587.A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when a further expedition arrived in 1590.
The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1607.English capitalists founded two Virginia companies,a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol.It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area.The first settlers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves to the company.All were men and the experiment was not very successful.Many died.Those who survived lived in miserable conditions.By 1610 the colony had only a thousand people.
1.We know for sure that colonization began at the end of the 15th century.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：B
答案解析：文章第一句话就提到，It is very difficult to say just when colonization began，意思是：很难说清殖民制究竟是什么时候开始的。just是副词，意思是：刚好，正好。指的就是具体什么时候开始。从这里可以看出题目中的说法是错误的。
2.Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：A
答案解析：文章第一段第二句话说在哥伦布发现美洲大陆后的一百年中，美洲大陆没有殖民，只有在美洲南部有一些西班牙的交易站，表明当时北美南部多是一些西班牙商人。这一百年的时间刚好是16世纪，与本题时间相符。所以答案是A。
3.With John Cabot's arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497,the British Crown claimed to be the legal owner of North America.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：B
答案解析：文章第一段提到1497年的探险只是发现了一个岛屿。后续几次的探险才使得英国皇室“合法”拥有了北美。
4.There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：B
答案解析：注意原文用的是with its crew of eighteen，crew的含义是：全体船员。与本句中的people不是一个概念。
5.The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 1580s.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：A
答案解析：文章第二段说The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America were nearly a hundred years after Columbus's first voyage（1492)，也就是1580s。
6.The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：A
答案解析：文章第二段说The Englishman Sir Walter Raleigh claimed the whole of North America for England,calling it Virginia，由此可以看出本题正确。
7.The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
正确答案：C
答案解析：题目说的是北美的北部地区被一个fo吉尼亚公司的老板命名为“新英格兰”，文章没有相关的信息。
